Exemplo utilizando máscara de texto.
Hoje é um dia propício pra postagem, não me pergunte o porque.
Vou começar mostrando como se aplica máscara de entrada em um campo de texto usando uma classe pronta. Encontrei essa classe em um fórum. Provavelmente surgiu deste projeto brasileiro
(já que um dos autores é o mesmo da classe).
Siga as regras da licença.
Copie o código e salve com o nome de MaskEntry.py
# # Copyright (C) 2006 Async Open Source # # This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or # modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public # License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either # version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. # # This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU # Lesser General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public # License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 # USA # # Author(s): Johan Dahlin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> # import string import sys import gobject import pango import gtk class MaskError(Exception): pass (INPUT_CHARACTER, INPUT_ALPHA, INPUT_DIGIT) = range(3) INPUT_FORMATS = { 'a': INPUT_ALPHA, 'd': INPUT_DIGIT, 'c': INPUT_CHARACTER, } class MaskEntry(gtk.Entry): def __init__(self): gtk.Entry.__init__(self) # It only makes se self.modify_font(pango.FontDescription("monospace")) self.set_property('editable', True) self.set_size_request(90, -1) self.connect('insert-text', self._on_insert_text) self.connect('delete-text', self._on_delete_text) # List of validators # str -> static characters # int -> dynamic, according to constants above self._validators = [] self._interactive_input = True self._mask = None # Callbacks def _on_insert_text(self, editable, new, length, position): if not self._interactive_input: return if length != 1: print 'TODO: paste' self.stop_emission('insert-text') return position = self.get_position() next = position + 1 validators = self._validators if len(validators) <= position: self.stop_emission('insert-text') return validator = validators[position] if validator == INPUT_CHARACTER: # Accept anything pass elif validator == INPUT_ALPHA: if not new in string.lowercase: self.stop_emission('insert-text') return elif validator == INPUT_DIGIT: if not new in string.digits: self.stop_emission('insert-text') return elif isinstance(validator, str): self.set_position(next) self.stop_emission('insert-text') return self.delete_text(position, next) # If the next position is a static character and # the one after the next is input, skip over # the static character if len(validators) > next + 1: if (isinstance(validators[next], str) and isinstance(validators[next+1], int)): # Ugly: but it must be done after the parent # inserts the text gobject.idle_add(self.set_position, next+1) def _on_delete_text(self, editable, start, end): if not self._interactive_input: return if end - start != 1: print 'TODO: cut/delete several' self.stop_emission('delete-text') return validator = self._validators[start] if isinstance(validator, str): self.set_position(start) self.stop_emission('delete-text') return self.insert_text(' ', end) return False # Public API def set_mask(self, mask): """ Sets the mask of the Entry. The format of the mask is similar to printf, but the only supported format characters are: - 'd' digit - 'a' alphabet, honors the locale - 'c' any character A digit is supported after the control. Example mask for a ISO-8601 date >>> entry.set_mask('%4d-%2d-%2d') HACK for erase data > set_mask('%0d') @param mask: the mask to set """ self._mask = mask if not mask: return input_length = len(mask) keys = INPUT_FORMATS.keys() lenght = 0 pos = 0 while True: if pos >= input_length: break if mask[pos] == '%': s = '' format_char = None # Validate/extract format mask pos += 1 while True: if mask[pos] not in string.digits: raise MaskError( "invalid format padding character: %s" % mask[pos]) s += mask[pos] if mask[pos+1] in INPUT_FORMATS: format_char = mask[pos+1] break pos += 1 pos += 1 self._validators += [INPUT_FORMATS[format_char]] * int(s) else: self._validators.append(mask[pos]) pos += 1 s = '' for validator in self._validators: if isinstance(validator, int): s += ' ' elif isinstance(validator, str): s += validator else: raise AssertionError self.set_text(s) def get_field_text(self): """ Get the fields assosiated with the entry if a field is empty it'll return an empty string otherwise it'll include the content @returns: fields @rtype: list of strings """ if not self._mask: raise MaskError("a mask must be set before calling get_field_text") def append_field(fields, field_type, s): if s.count(' ') == len(s): s = '' if field_type == INPUT_DIGIT: s = int(s) fields.append(s) fields = [] pos = 0 s = '' field_type = -1 text = self.get_text() validators = self._validators while True: if pos >= len(validators): append_field(fields, field_type, s) break validator = validators[pos] if isinstance(validator, int): s += text[pos] field_type = validator else: append_field(fields, field_type, s) s = '' field_type = -1 pos += 1 return fields def set_text(self, text): """ Sets the text of the entry @param text: """ self._interactive_input = False try: gtk.Entry.set_text(self, text) finally: self._interactive_input = True def delete_text(self, start, end): """ Deletes text at a certain range @param start: @param end: """ self._interactive_input = False try: gtk.Entry.delete_text(self, start, end) finally: self._interactive_input = True def insert_text(self, text, position=0): """ Insert text at a specific position @param text: @param position: """ self._interactive_input = False try: gtk.Entry.insert_text(self, text, position) finally: self._interactive_input = True def main(args): win = gtk.Window() win.set_title('gtk.Entry subclass') def cb(window, event): print 'fields', widget.get_field_text() gtk.main_quit() win.connect('delete-event', cb) widget = MaskEntry() widget.set_mask('%2d/%2d/%4d') win.add(widget) win.show_all() widget.select_region(0, 0) gtk.main() if __name__ == '__main__': sys.exit(main(sys.argv))
Depois disso, você poderá testa-la rodando normalmente, assim:
$ python MaskEntry.py
Para inseri-la no seu próprio programa, faça como no exemplo:
self.dtaemi = MaskEntry() self.dtaemi.set_mask('%2d/%2d/%4d') self.hboxDtasBusca.pack_start(self.dtaemi,False,False,0) texto = gtk.Label() texto.set_text("e") self.hboxDtasBusca.pack_start(texto,True,True,0) self.dtavenc = MaskEntry() self.dtavenc.set_mask('%2d/%2d/%4d') self.hboxDtasBusca.pack_start(self.dtavenc,False,False,0)
Na primeira linha é criada a entrada de texto que receberá a máscara da classe.
Em seguida é configurada a máscara para esse objeto(%2d significa 2 dígitos).
No meu exemplo eu adicionei à um hbox criado anteriormente.
Pronto, tá feito.
Obs.: Se você selecionar um “MaskEntry” utilizando a tecla tab, ele selecionará todos os campos e não conseguirá apagar e voltar para o primeiro espaço.
